"""
Constants: General
-------------------
General constants to be used in ``PyLHC``, to help with consistency.
"""
import numpy as np
BEAMS = (1, 2)
PLANES = ("X", "Y")
PLANE_TO_HV = dict(X="H", Y="V")
UNIT_TO_M = dict(km=1e3, m=1e0, mm=1e-3, um=1e-6, nm=1e-9, pm=1e-12, fm=1e-15, am=1e-18)
PROTON_MASS = 0.938272 # GeV/c^2
LHC_NOMINAL_EMITTANCE = 3.75 * 1e-6 # Design LHC
TFS_SUFFIX = ".tfs"
TIME_COLUMN = "TIME"
[docs]def get_proton_gamma(energy):
"""Returns relativistic gamma for protons."""
return energy / PROTON_MASS # E = gamma * m0 * c^2
[docs]def get_proton_beta(energy):
""" Returns relativistic beta for protons """
return np.sqrt(1 - (1 / get_proton_gamma(energy) ** 2))